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28131+62 761BMWebsitePekanbaru is the capital of Indonesian province of, and a major economic center on the eastern part of. Its name is derived from the words for 'new market' ('pekan' is market and 'baru' is new).It has an area of 632.26 km² with a population of 1,093,416. Located on the banks of the, which drains into the, Pekanbaru has direct access to the busy strait and was long known as a trading port. Pekanbaru was originally built as a market by merchants during the 18th century.A settlement has existed on the site since the 17th century.In the late 19th century, the city was developed to serve the coffee and coal industries, and the built roads to help ship goods to. This city is served by the and Sungai Duku Port that is located by the Siak River. Contents.History Sultanate of Siak The origin of Pekanbaru was inseparable from the existence of the Siak River as a distributing route for commodities from the to the. During the 18th century, Senapelan region on the banks of the Siak River became a market for the Minangkabau merchants.
Over time, the area evolved into a crowded residential area. On June 23, 1784, based on the consultative meeting of the Council of Ministers from, consisting of four leaders ( datuk) of Minangkabau tribes (Pesisir, Limapuluh, Tanah Datar and Kampar), the area was named Pekanbaru; This date was later celebrated as the anniversary of this city. Dutch East Indies Company In 1749, under the terms of a peace treaty between the Sultan of Johor and the (VOC) was put under Dutch administration. The Sultan moved residence to a palace in built in 1760.
Sultan Syarif Kasim II of Siak and his wife, 1910-1920. The last Sultan of Siak who ceded his kingdom to the Republic of IndonesiaAt Senapelan Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah Alamudin unsuccessfully tried to organise a major regional fair. In the early 1780s his son Sultan Muhammad Ali managed to establish the grand fair. Due to the important commercial value for Sumatra region and Malacca Strait for general, the settlement itself was renamed Pekanbaru by the local council of tribal elders (consist of Datuk Pesisir, Datuk Limapuluh, Datuk Tanah Datar and Datuk Kampar) on 23 June 1784. Thus, every 23 June is celebrated as the founding day of Pekanbaru city.Dutch East Indies Following the collapse of the Dutch East Indies Company (VOC), all company ownership of Pekanbaru was transferred to the Dutch crown. During the colonial era in the 19th and early 20th century the city remained important, especially as a major trading point: Siak river navigation conditions provide a stable relationship with shipping from the Malacca Strait. Additionally the city became a major center of the coffee industry and coal industry.
The urban influence of the sultans gradually became more and more nominal, especially after the capital of the Sultanate moved to in 1830. Actual management functions were carried out by representatives of the Dutch colonial administration, i.e., by the post of assistant-resident and controller.Second World War During the Second World War from February 1942 to August 1945 the city was occupied by the armed forces of Japan. In an effort to strengthen the military and logistical infrastructure in this part of Sumatra, the Japanese started the construction of a 220-kilometer-long railway, connecting Pekanbaru to the coast of.The was constructed under harsh conditions using forced labour.
6,500 Dutch, mostly, and British prisoners of war and over 100,000 Indonesian, mostly Javanese, forced workers called were put to work by the Japanese army. By the time the work was completed in August 1945 almost a third of the European POWs and over half of the Indonesian coolies had died.George Duffy, one of the 15 Americans there and survivor of the sinking of the tells of life and death for the POW workers on:, and malnutrition/' were the principal maladies compounded by overwork and mistreatment. 'The average age at death of the 700 POWs who perished on that railway was 37 years and 3 months.'
The railway was never fully utilised. Today it remains unused and in an advanced state of decay. Politics Since 1946, Pekanbaru has been governed by at least 15 mayors.
The first mayor to rule this city was Datuk Wan Abdul Rahman who was elected on 17 May 1946. Currently, the Mayor of Pekanbaru is.Reputation. The largest provincial library inPekanbaru is one of the cleanest big cities in Indonesia. In 2011, Pekanbaru received the 'Adipura' ('cleanest city') award in the category of large city for the seventh consecutive time.However, Pekanbaru regularly suffers from haze problems due to forest fires, particularly in the dry season, since there is very little rain to put the fires out. Large land concessions are granted to commercial interests and huge areas are under the control of palm oil companies that need to clear the land to plant palm oil and other commercial interests. These fires can be seen by satellite. They are not small fires started by local farmers.
Corporate plantation owners use the slash-and-burn method to clear the land. A smoke haze that not only affects surrounding areas of regions but also neighbouring countries like. These fires have been burning for 18 years.
The season is known as 'the burning season'. Large areas of forests have been destroyed. Demographics Ethnicities Pekanbaru is the third most populous city on Sumatra Island, after and with a population of 1,093,416 recorded in 2014. The city is highly urbanised, drawing many of its people from the neighbouring province of. Since many centuries ago, Pekanbaru has one of the rantau (migration) area. After, the number of Minangkabau people migrating to Pekanbaru surged, nearly doubling between the years 1943 and 1961. Many Minang in Pekanbaru have lived there for generations and has since assimilated into the Malay community.
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In addition to the Minangkabau, the natives are the second largest ethnic group in Pekanbaru, making up 26% of the population. The, and are the other main ethnic groups inhabiting Pekanbaru.Religions The pluralism surrounding the city can be reflected by the variety of religions and freedom of belief among the people in Pekanbaru. Islam is the majority religion in this city, followed by Christianity (Protestantism and Catholic) as well as Buddhism and small percentage of Hinduism and Confucianism. Each religion in this city is represented by the presence of the religion's respective worship places, such as The Great Mosque of An-Nur (Mesjid Agung An-nur) and Mesjid Raya Pekanbaru for the Muslim community, St.
Maria A Fatima Church and St. Paulus Church for the Catholic community, HKBP Church for the Protestant community as well as Vihara Dharma Loka and Vihara Sasana Loka for the Buddhist and Confucian community and Pura Agung Jagatnatha for the Hindu community in Pekanbaru.Languages is the official language that is spoken by the citizens of Pekanbaru. For informal use, Pekanbaru people generally use in their economic and daily activities, especially in the market area. In addition the and are also widely spoken because of the large population of Malays and Javanese people in Pekanbaru. Is mainly spoken by as most of the Chinese Indonesian in Pekanbaru belong to the people.
In fact, many Chinese Indonesian in Pekanbaru come from other regions in Riau such as, and, along with the Chinese Indonesian who are originally from Pekanbaru itself. Moreover, many Chinese Indonesian especially from, particularly the Medan and regions have moved to Pekanbaru due to opportunities and rapid economical growth in the area since the 1990s and 2000s. The Administrative districts The city is divided into 12, listed below:DistrictsUrban AreaBukit RayaSimpang TigaLima PuluhRintiesMarpoyan DamaiTangkerang TengahPayung SekakiLabuh Baru TimurPekanbaru KotaTanah TinggiSailCinta RajaSenapelanPadang BulanSukajadiSukajadiRumbaiSri MerantiRumbai PesisirLembah DamaiTampanSudomulyo TimurTenayan RayaKulimClimate Pekanbaru has a under the. As with many cities with an equatorial climate, the temperature only varies a little throughout the year. The hottest month is May with average temperature 27.6 °C (81.7 °F), while the coolest month is January with average temperature 26.4 °C (79.5 °F). The precipitation accumulation also remains constant throughout the year with no real dry season. The month with most precipitation is November with precipitation total 312 millimetres (12.3 in), while the least precipitation is July with precipitation total 123 millimetres (4.8 in).
Of Pekanbaruserves flights in Pekanbaru from/and to several cities in such as, and others, and international flights to several countries such as,. Several prominent domestic airlines serve the route from/and to Pekanbaru such as,. The international flights are presently served by, and.In 2012, the new terminal was opened, replacing the old terminal that had been used since the 1980s. The old terminal is planned to be demolished to build more spaces for the apron and more aircraft capacity. Even though the new terminal has been fully used, the aerobridges that were constructed have never been utilized as the apron expansion has not been completed yet after two years since the opening of the new terminal to the public in 2012. Thus, the airport company PT Angkasa Pura II is currently ferrying passengers to and from the terminal using shuttle buses until the aerobridge can be used.Pekanbaru's airport is also utilized separately as the airbase of the TNI-AU (Indonesian Air Force) and home base of the 12th Squadron, a shelter to some Hawk Mk.109s and Mk.209s. The airbase is named after the former head of Indonesian Air Force, Roesmin Nurjadin and formally called as Pangkalan Udara Roesmin Nurjadin or Roesmin Nurjadin Airbase.Sports.
Rumbai Athletic StadiumFootball is the most popular sport in Indonesia. In Pekanbaru, is the local club that has been competing in since the 2000s. Is the home stadium for PSPS Pekanbaru.In 2012, (Indonesian National Games) and was held in Riau Province. Since then, many sport facilities have been built in Pekanbaru because this city was the home for many sports venues used these multi-national events, such as the prominent. Unfortunately, many sports facilities that have been developed before the are not being managed and taken care of properly. An example would be the Riau Main Stadium, which was never used again after the event until today due to financial disputes between the local government and the contractors of the stadium.Several golf courses can be found in Pekanbaru, such as Pekanbaru Golf Course Country Club at Kubang Kulim, Simpang Tiga Golf Course at AURI Complex, Rumbai Golf Course at IKSORA Rumbai Complex and Labersa Golf Course at Labersa Hotel and Convention Center.Media The TVRI Riau (state-owned) and Riau TV (private) are some of the popular local television stations in Pekanbaru.
Several local newspapers operating in Pekanbaru, such as Riau Pos, Haluan Riau, Tribun Pekanbaru, Pekanbaru Pos, Pekanbaru MX and Koran Riau.Sister and Twin Town cities. ^. ^ Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape.
Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 2003. Data Sensus Penduduk 2010 - Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia. Sejarah Daerah Riau, Proyek Penelitian dan Pencatatan Kebudayaan Daerah, Pusat Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya, 1977. Samin, S.M.
Dari kebatinan senapelan ke Bandaraya Pekanbaru: menelisik jejak sejarah Kota Pekanbaru, 1784-2005. Pemerintah Kota Pekanbaru bekerjasama dengan Masyarakat Sejarawan Indonesia (MSI) Cabang Riau dan Penerbit Alaf Riau.
Pemda kota Pekanbaru. Retrieved 1 October 2010. Cite web requires website=. Duffy, George (5 January 2006).
Archived from on 18 June 2008. Retrieved 2 January 2015. Cite uses deprecated parameter deadurl=. Hovinga, Henk (2010). The Sumatra Railroad: Final Destination Pakan Baroe 1943-45. Leiden:. (in Indonesian).
Post, The Jakarta. Retrieved 7 April 2018. Andaya, B.W; The Unity of Southeast Asia: Historical approaches and questions, in Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, Vol.
Retrieved 7 April 2018. AmbiWeb GmbH. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
Cite web requires website=. Retrieved 14 June 2016. Cite web requires website= External links.
Pekanbaru is the capital of Riau Province in Sumatra, Indonesia. The name of the city translates to ‘new market’.
It is located on the Siak River, making the city a natural trading port due to its access to the Strait of Malacca. Pekanbaru has an area of almost 450sqkm and is home to a population of about 800,000.
It is also recognized as one of the cleanest cities in the country.Pekanbaru used to be a sleepy town before the Americans discovered oil in the region during the 1930s. Since the discovery, the town prospered and its economy got a huge boost from the oil revenues. Today, the city remains the oil capital of Indonesia.The city served as a transit point between ferries carrying passengers from Singapore. Because air travel is now more affordable, less people head to Pekanbaru. Nonetheless, since the city serves as a gateway to Indonesia from Singapore, it still is a favoured destination for travellers who want to go further inland. Pekanbaru AttractionsPekanbaru may not be a tourist spot, but it is home to several attractions worth seeing. One of these attractions is the Mesjid An-Nur, a large mosque located off Jalan Jend Sudirman.
However, the Grand Mosque found off Jalan Riau near the river is considered older and more majestic. Built in the 18th century, this mosque is where the remains of the fourth and fifth Sultans of Siak are found.On the road to the airport, one will find another Pekanbaru attraction: The Museum Negiri Riau. This museum features an interesting collection of cultural artefacts from all over Riau Province. Right next to the museum is another recommended stop: the Riau Cultural Park. It serves as the centre for all things related to arts and culture.Another interesting attraction in Pekanbaru is the Alam Mayang Fishing Park.
Located in Harapan Raya Street, this place is a favourite recreational spot for those who love to go fishing. There are a number of fishing ponds here containing different species of fish. However, the natural environment is enough reason for people to go here, regardless if they like to fish or not.
Pekanbaru Restaurants & DiningThe city is more known for its oil than for food, but it does feature dining establishments and as expected, most restaurants offer Indonesian fare, but others also specialize in Chinese cuisine. Some restaurants feature both on their menu. One example is the Restoran Taman Anggrek in Jalan Tuanku Tambusai.
The chilli garlic crab is the establishment's most recommended dish.Apollo Seafood Restaurant is a Chinese restaurant with two branches in Pekanbaru that seafood lovers should visit. Those who cannot get enough of fish can head on over to Pondok Samba Lado Hijau, where dishes are given a Padang/Malay twist.Meanwhile, those who love Western cuisine should drop by Vanhollano Bakery in Jalan Sudirman. The burgers, either chicken or beef, are great, and you can finish off with any of the cakes, pastries or ice cream from the bakery's menu as dessert. Other recommended restaurants in Pekanbaru are Seroja Restoran, Saung Kuring Restoran and Pujasera. Pekanbaru NightlifeThe nightlife scene in Pekanbaru is still at its infancy. There may be a number of bars and clubs found in this city, but there is still a long way to go before the place becomes known for its nightlife. In fact, some of the best places to go for a drink are found in the hotels in the area.
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An excellent example is Hugo's Cafe, which is located in the lobby level of the Grand Jatra Hotel in Jalan Teuku Zainal Abidin. With six outlets across Indonesia, this is considered as one of the best bar and club chains in Indonesia. It is famous by its creatively themed nights and is patronized by everyone: students, businessmen, locals, expats and tourists.However, tourists should be warned: Pekanbaru may not be like Jakarta, but both places are similar price-wise. This means that cover charges and drinks in Pekanbaru and Jakarta are similarly priced. Pekanbaru ShoppingPekanbaru is home to several malls, some of which are great places for bargains.
Four recommended shopping destinations are Senapelan Plaza, Citra Plaza, SKA Mall and Ciputra Seraya Mall.Senapelan Plaza, which is found in the business district between Jalan Jendral Sudirman and Jalan Teuku Umar, sells cellphones, sports equipment and accessories, as well as household goods. In terms of restaurants and food stalls, its selection is more extensive. Citra Plaza, located at the junction of Jalan Tuanku Tambusai and Pepaya, is known for carrying exclusive merchandise. This is also the best place to find Muslim clothing and batik. SKA Mall, situated in Jalan Soekarno Hatta, is one of the most modern shopping centres in the city. It provides a good selection of home appliances, modern clothing, cosmetics, office stationery and sports gear. As for Ciputra Seraya Mall in Jalan Riau, it has the most complete games and entertainment centre in town.For a more traditional shopping experience, there is the Pasar Bawah.
This traditional market offers good quality products such as antiques, home accessories, ceramics and carpets. Those who want to bring home a souvenir should drop by Dekranasda Riau, which is considered a one-stop Riau souvenir centre. Pekanbaru ActivitiesThere are many activities in store for tourists who visit Pekanbaru. Karaoke alone will keep travellers busy until the late hours.
No one would expect an oil-rich city like Pekanbaru to be a golfing enthusiast's paradise, but it really is. There are several golf courses to be found in and around the city. One of them is Labersa Golf Course, which is near the city centre. The Simpang Tiga Golf Course is about 70km from the city centre. Then there is the Rumbai Golf Course, found in the Pekanbaru sub-province of the same name.Meanwhile, animal lovers can enjoy watching elephants do some tricks in the Riau Elephant Centre in Sebanga-Duri, Pekanbaru. Established in 1988, the Centre was granted 5,000 hectares in 1992.
Pekanbaru InformationPekanbaru can be reached by plane, boat and bus. The city airport, Sultan Syarif Kasim II, accommodates flights to and from Pekanbaru from the following airlines: Mandala Air, Sriwijaya Air, Batavia Air, Lion Air, AirAsia, Riau Airlines, Pelita Air and Firefly.
As for travelling by boat, there are ferries that travel between the Riau Islands and Pekanbaru. From Pekanbaru, there are also boats that go to Malacca, Malaysia three times a week; the trip takes about three hours. People who want to travel by bus can go to the Terminal Nangka, about five km west of the town centre. This modern terminal has both economy and air-conditioned buses going to locations such as Bengkulu, Bukittinggi, Dumai, Jambi, Medan and Padang.Getting around Pekanbaru is not difficult thanks to the types of transportation available.Pekanbaru has a tropical rainforest climate.
It is warm all year round, but it does experience wet months. The best time to visit the city is during the dry season, which is between April and October.